Relay.



I. KITSEE.

RELAY.

APPLICATION rum) 323.81 1909.

963,874. Patented July 5,1910.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ISIDOR KITSEE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

RELAY.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, lemon Krrsnn, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, State of PennsylVania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Relays, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to relays, and more particularly to polarizedrelays of a moving coil type.

\Vhile the relay constituting this invention of general application, itis particularly useful where an extremely sensitive relay is required,and is particularly useful in the receiving apparatus associated with along line or cable, such as a submarine cable,

or any other line or circuit having relatively great capacity.

It is the object of my invention to provide an extremely sensitive relaywhich shall be responsive to weak currents and which shall,nevertheless, make a satisfactory contact and satisfactorily control alocal circuit. To this end, I provide a plurality of very intensemagnetic fields, and support or mount for movement in such iicld orfields a plurality of movable coils mechanically connected to form asingle moving system, preferably an odd number, and associate with themoving coils a member for operating or controlling contacts for thepurpose of controlling a local circuit. And by em floying an odd numberof coils, and associating with each a pair of magnetic poles, and havingthe magnetic poles or all the coils alternate with each other, I am ableto produce a relatively powerful move ment of the moving coil systemunder the influence of feeble exciting or energizing current.

For an illustration of one of the forms my invention may take, referenceis to be had to the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of my improved relay. Fig. 2 is aperspective view of the moving coil system. Fig. 3 is a top plan view ofthe internal core or cores for intensifying the field.

A yoke 1, of iron, steel, or other highly magnetizable material, whichmay be con tinuous and take a circular or other suitable form, hassecured thereto the radially extending cores 2 having the poles or polepieces N S. The yoke and cores may be laminated. Upon the cores 2 aredisposed windings or coils 3 which may be connected in series withSpecification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 8, 1909.

Patented July 5, 1910.

Serial No. 476,849.

each other and the terminals connected to the binding posts 5 and 6, towhich may be connected the conductors of any suitable exciting circuit,the ampere turns of the coils 3 being suflicient to produce very intensemagnetic fields. Disposed within or between the pole pieces N S is astationary core 7 of iron, steel, or other highly magnetizable material,which is supported by the screw 8, preferably of brass or othernon-magnetic material, to the frame or base of the appara tus. Betweeneach arm of the core 7 and the opposed pole pieces N S is a narrow gap,the magnetic field in each gap being very intense.

Upon the top of the yoke 1 is secured a bridge or bracket 9, preferablyof brass or other non-magnetic material, and upon the under side of theyoke 1 is secured a similar bridge or bracket. At their centers theysupport suitable pivot supports, preferably carefully ground ewels, toreceive the pivots 10 and 11, shown in Fig. 2. The pivot 10 is securedto a plate 12 suitably cemented or bound to the end of the rectangularcoil 13. And the pivot 11 is similarly secured by a plate such as 12 tothe lower end. of the coil 18. The coil 13 is disposed at an angle withrespect to the coil 1& and suitably secured thereto by wax, cement, orother means. And a third coil 15 is in turn waxed or cemented to thecoil 14-, or otherwise suitably secured thereto, the coils 13, 114. and15 being preferably self-supporting coils wound of many turns of finewire, these coils being similar to the coils employed in a siphonrecorder. The moving system consisting of these coils angularly disposedwith respect to each other, is supported by the pivots 10 and 11 in thejewels aforementioned, and the vertical sides of the coils are disposedin the narrow gaps between the arms of the core 7 and the pole pieces NS.

To the pivot pin 10 is secured a brass collar 16 which carries a tongueor arm 17, preferably very light, as of aluminum, and may even betubular. At its outer end the arm or tongue 17 carries the contacts 18,preferably of platinum iridium, which are adapted to engage similarcontacts, 19 and 20, carried respectively by the adjusting screws 21 and22, which. are screw-threaded through the vertical conducting posts 23and 2%: respectively. The post 23 is in electrical communication withthe binding post 25 through the connecting strip 26. And, similarly, the

post 2-1 is in electrical communication with the binding post 27 throughthe connecting strip 28. The posts 23 and Q1 and the binding posts and27 are supported upon the plate 20, of insulating material, secured toor supported by the yoke l. The posts and 31 are also carried by theplate and supported by these posts are the rods or pins 32 and havingheads 31: and 35 respectively. Connecting the pin or red 32 and therelay tongue or arm 17 is a delicate spring 30. And connecting the rodor pin 3?) with the tongue 17, is another delicate spring 37, thesesprings being preferably of non-magnetic material, and of a materialwhich can be drawn into a fine wire to make a delicate spring. For thispurpose, I have used a manganin wire of No. 40 gage, or even smaller.The springs and 37 balance each other and hold the tongue in suchposition that the contacts 18 are midway between the contacts 19 and 20and normally not in engagement with them or either of them. The springs30 and 3? may be adjusted by turning the heads S-tand respectively. Tothe collar 10 which carries the tongue or arm 17 is secured also theinner end of a flat spiral, preferably non-magnetic, conductor 39 whoseouter end is mechanically and electrically connected to the upper bridgeor frame 0. This flat spiral conductor 38 is merely a very flexible con-.neetion to the tongue or arm 17, and therefore to the contacts 18. Thebridge or bracket 0 being secured to the yoke 1, may be in electricalcommunication therewith and then the binding post 30, extending throughthe plate 20, into the yoke 1. forms a terminal or means of electricalcommunication with the movable contacts 18. The conductor 38, whilebeing in the form of a fiat spiral spring, exercises practically nocontrol upon the moving system, the moving system being controlled bythe delicate springs 30 and 37.

The coils 13, 14 and 15 are all connected in series with each other andso connected that a current passing through them tends to cause all ofthe coils to assist each other in producing rotation in a givendirection. Vith reversal of current, of course, the direction ofmovement of the coils in the magnetic fields is also reversed. Theterminals of the circuit of the coils are at the binding posts 410 and41, carried by the insulating plate 19 secured upon the yoke 1. The post40 is joined by connector 3 to the post 1stin which is held theconducting rod to whose inner end a very flexible electrical conductor46 is electrically connected and connects to one terminal of the coils.And from the other terminal of the coils extends a very flexibleelectrical conductor 47 electrically connected to the rod 48 carried bythe post at!) which is in electrical communication through the connector50 with the binding post 51. Thus, the conductors bringing and leadingaway the received current are connected to the posts 40 and 4-1 and thecurrent thus traverses all of the coils in series. lly the dispositionof the poles and coils, as shown, the coils are suspended or movable inextremely intense magnetic fields, alternate poles are of oppositesigns, and, therefore, there is a field extending from each pole pieceto its neighbor of opposite sign, and there is further a field from eachpole piece to its diametrically opposite pole piece. by such arrangementof magnetic field, with respect to the moving coils, and having aplurality of coils of preferably odd number, a maximum torque orrotative effort is produced for a given current traversing the coils.And by this arrangement of poles and coils, the effect is different andgreater than the case where a single coil extending between a pair ofpoles is employed, even if the ampere turns in such coils be the same asthe total. ampere turns of the three coils herein shown. And if only twocoils are employed, it is found that the two neighboring pole pieceswill be of the same sign, and the field dist 'ibution and strength willbe such that a smaller rotative effort is produced with a given currentthan in the case of an arrangement as here shown, where there is aplurality of coils, and preferably of odd number.

In a relay which I have constructed and used, as hereinafter described,each of the moving coils 13, 14c and 15 had a length of about 3 inches,a diameter of 1.5 inches, and a width of about of an inch. And each coilwas wound with No. -10 gage wire, of

approximately 590 convolutions, and having a resistance of about 500ohms, the three coils thus having a resistance of about 1,500 ohms andthe total number of convolutions between 1,700 and 1,800. And the yoke 1had an outside diameter of 11'} inches, an inside diameter of 0 inches,and a height 0t 9% inches. lVith such an instrument, I was enabled toreceive and record current impulses transmitted from Canso, Nova Scotia,over a submarine cable extending to New York city, the cable lengthbeingbetween 000 and 1,000 miles, and having about 1,800,000 K it. And,as an example of the extreme sensitiveness of the relay, it is statedthat the potential of the current impressed upon the cable at Canso wasonly 1 volts, while in regular cable telegraphy, employing a siphonrecorder, the potential used is 26 volts. It may also be stated that thesiphon recorder, being av standard cable siphon recorder as used inevery-day practice on the same cable, with 1 volts impressed upon thecable at Canso, in New York gave deflections so minute as not to bereadable as practical signals. lVith this same current the relay hereindescribed responded promptly and fully to satisfactorily control a localcircuit. Furthermore, the relay shown and described is very prompt inits response to received current, the current impulses transmitted from(lanso in the case recited being current iinpulses sent as rapidly as askilled operator could possibly send them by a manual key. Nevertheless,the relay responded perfectly and satisfactorily to these rapidimpulses, while the siphon recorder did not. In all these comparisons myrelay and the siphon recorder were subjected to exactly the sameconditions. It is to be understood, however, that I do not wish in anyway to be limited by the dimensions and magnitudes hereinbefore given inconnection with my improved relay.

By the arrangement shown, where each coil ha. its separate magneticfield, and where each coil is also subjected to the field of anothercoil, and where the field for each coil is circumterentially narrow, themovement of the coils is very small but with relatively very greattorque for very small energizing current. And in this regard, my relayis widely different both in structure and in eitt'eet as compared withmoving coil instruments associated with pole pieces having a relativelygreat circtmrt'erential extent.

\Vhat I claim is:

1. In a relay, a plurality of pairs of: magnetic poles, a movable coilfor each pair of poles, said coils secured together to form a singlemoving system and having their axes coincident, and each coil beingsubjected to its own field and also to the field of another coil.

2. In a relay, a. plurality ot pairs of magnetic poles, alternate polesbeing of opposite signs, a movable coil tor each pair of poles, saidcoils being secured together to form a single moving system, and eachcoil subjected to its own field and also to the field ot another coil.

3. In a relay, a plurality ot pairs of magnetic poles, alternate polesbeing of opposite signs, a movable coil for each pair of poles, all thecoils secured together to form a single moving system, and an internal.core for each coil for intensifying its field.

t. In a relay, a plurality of movable coils secured together to term asingle moving system and having their axes coincident, and a magneticfield for each coil, each coil being subjected to its own magnetic fieldand also to the field of another coil.

5. In a relay, a field yoke or ring, a plurality of poles extendinginwardly therefrom, a moving coil for each pair of poles, said coilsbeing disposed at an angle with respect to each other and securedtogether and having their axes coincident.

(3. In a relay, a plurality of moving coils secured together to form asingle moving system and having their axes coincident, said coils beingdisposed at an angle with each other, and a magnetic field for eachcoil, each coil being subjected to its own magnetic field and also tothe field of another coil.

7. In a relay, a. field ring or yoke, a plurality of poles extendinginwardly therefrom, alternate poles being of opposite signs, a movingcoil for each pair of poles, said moving coils disposed at an angle withrespect to each other and having their axes coincident.

8. In a relay, a. plurality of movable coils secured together to form asingle moving system and having their axes coincident, said coils beingdisposed at an angle with each other, and a pair of magnetic poles foreach coil, each coil being subjected to its own field and also to thefield of another coil.

9. In a relay, a plurality of movable coils secured together to form asingle moving system, a pair of poles for each coil, a core for eachcoil. tor intensifying its field, alternate field poles being ofopposite signs.

10. In a relay, an odd number of movable coils secured together to forma single moving system, said coils connected in series with each otherand being disposed at an angle with respect to each other, and a magnetofield for each coil.

11. In a relay, an odd number of movable coils secured together to terma single moving system, said coils being disposed at an angle withrespect to each other, and a magnetic field for each coil, each coilbeing subjected to its own magnetic field and also to the field ofanother coil.

12. In a relay, an odd number of coils secured together to form a singlemoving system, said coils being disposed at an angle with respect toeach other, and a pair of diametrically opposed poles for each coil.

13. In a relay, anv odd number of coils secured together to form asingle moving system, said coils being disposed at an angle with respectto each other, and a pair of dia metrically opposed poles for each coil,each coil being subjected to its own field and also to the field ofanother coil.

14. In a relay, a plurality of movable coils secured together to form asingle moving system and having their axes coincident, said coils beingdisposed at an angle with respect to each other, and a separate magneticfield for each coil, and alternate poles of the fields being of oppositesigns.

15. In a relay, a plurality of movable coils secured together to form asingle moving system and having their axes coincident, said coils beingdisposed at an angle with respect to each other, and a separate magneticfield for each coil, each coil being subjected to its own magnetic fieldand also to the field of another coil.

16. In a relay, a plurality of coils secured together to form a singlemoving system and having their axes coincident, a separate magneticfield for each coil, neighboring poles of the difierent coil fieldsbeing of opposite signs, and said coils all connected in series witheach other.

17. In a relay, a plurality of moving coils secured together to form asingle moving system and having their axes coincident, a separate fieldfor each coil, alternate poles of the field being of opposite signs, acontact carrying member controlled by said coils, and a contact adaptedto be engaged by said contact carrying member.

18. In a relay, a plurality of coils secured together to form a singlemoving system and having their axes coincident, a separate magneticfield for each coil, alternate poles of the fields being of oppositesigns, a contact -arrying member controlled by said coils, stationarycontacts, said contact members being controlled by said coils to engagesaid stationary contacts.

19. In a relay, a plurality of moving coils secured together to form asingle moving system and having their axes coincident, a separatemagnetic field for each coil, alternate poles of the fields being ofopposite signs, a contact member controlled by said coils, stationarycontacts, and resilient means for holding said contact member normallyout of engagement with said stationary contacts.

20. A sensitive relay comprising a yoke, a plurality of radiallyextending cores secured to said yoke, neighboring poles of said coresbeing of opposite signs, a central core for each pair of poles forintensifying the field, a moving system disposed between said poles andinternal cores and comprising a plurality of coils secured together anddisposed at an angle with each other, said coils being electricallyconnected in such manner as to assist each other in producing rotativeettort, a contact member carried by said coils, two stationary contacts,and delicate resiliei'it means adapted to bias said contact member to aposition between said stationary contacts.

21. In a relay, a plurality of coils secured together to form a singlemoving system and having their axes coincident, a pair of field polesfor each coil disposed on opposite sides of each coil, the neighboring')oles of the fields having opposite si ns.

22. In a relay, a plurality of movable coils secured together to form asingle moving system, a pair of poles for each coil, alternate polesbeing of opposite signs, and the relation of each coil to its pair ofpoles being the same as that of every other coil to its pair of poles.

23. In a relay, a field ring or yoke, a plurality of pairs of fieldpoles extending inwardly therefrom, a plurality of mo able coils securedtogether and having their axes coincident associated with said fieldpoles, and energizing windings for the field poles.

2-1:. In a relay, a field yoke or ring, a plurality of field polesextending inwardly therefrom, a moving coil for each pair of poles, saidcoils having their axes coincident and secured together to form a singlemoving system, a stationary contact carried by the field system, amovable contact carried by the moving coil system, and a coil supportcarried by said field system.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto afiixcd my signature in thepresence of the two subscribing witnesses.

ISIDOR KIITSIGIC. lVitnesses E. T. MCCALL, A. I Srnrxnocn.

